A 3x3 Phased Array Antenna for Ground Station Application
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Abstract
The utilization of satellite technology has undergone a rapid expansion, particularly in the domain of Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites. The necessity of antennas at ground stations for the purposes of mission control and data communication is of paramount importance. However, the implementation of antennas with large reflectors is hindered by several factors, including their high manufacturing cost, operational maintenance requirements, and inherent complexity. Consequently, a solution is required to employ microstrip antennas that are more compact, cost-effective, and capable of automation in tracking LEO satellites. In order to facilitate communication with LEO satellites, it is imperative that the designed antenna exhibit high gain value, narrow bandwidth, and effective scanning capability. The proposed research delineates a uniform rectangular array design with half-wavelength spacing as the fundamental configuration. The array employs a cavity-supported patch antenna and an X-slot-shaped deformed ground structure, a configuration designed to enhance bandwidth and generate circular polarization. The 3x3 array employed in this study exhibits circular polarization with a gain level of 10.08 dB and a beamwidth of 66.18° at a frequency of 2.22 GHz. The antenna has been engineered for implementation at ground stations within the domain of satellite technology.
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